Safety Management Systems (SMS)

1. Implementation and maintenance
2. Risk assessment and management
3. Emergency response planning
4. Continuous improvement
5. Audit and review

Compliance Regulations

1. International Maritime Organization (IMO)
2. International Labour Organization (ILO)
3. United States Coast Guard (USCG)
4. Flag state administrations

Safety Equipment

1. Life-saving appliances
2. Firefighting equipment
3. Navigation and communication equipment
4. Emergency beacons (EPIRBs)
5. Survival suits

Training and Certification

1. Crew training
2. Safety and security training
3. Certification and documentation

Safety Culture

1. Leadership commitment
2. Employee engagement
3. Hazard reporting
4. Incident investigation
5. Continuous improvement

Compliance Monitoring

1. Regular audits
2. Inspections
3. Reporting
4. Corrective action
5. Continuous improvement

Regulatory Framework

1. SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea)
2. MARPOL (Marine Pollution)
3. STCW (Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping)
4. ISM (International Safety Management)
5. ISPS (International Ship and Port Facility Security)

Safety Performance Indicators

1. Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR)
2. Total Recordable Injury Frequency Rate (TRIFR)
3. Safety Observation Reports
4. Near Miss Reports
5. Incident Severity Rate